Vocal Cord Cyst Surgery

What is a Vocal Cord Cyst?

A vocal cord cyst is a fluid-filled growth that develops on the vocal cords. These cysts disrupt the vibration of the vocal cords, negatively affecting the quality of the voice during speech. Symptoms may include a hoarse, strained, or fatigued voice. Vocal cord cysts are more common in professional voice users such as teachers, singers, and presenters but can also occur in the general population. They often result from overuse, vocal strain, or infections.

What Are the Symptoms?

The most prominent symptom of a vocal cord cyst is persistent hoarseness that does not improve over time. This condition often draws attention after a cold when the voice does not return to normal. Other symptoms include:

Hoarse or irregular voice quality
Difficulty speaking and rapid vocal fatigue
A feeling of tension or pressure in the throat
Occasional throat pain or discomfort

Symptoms may start mild but worsen over time. It is important to consult an ENT specialist if these issues persist.

How Is a Vocal Cord Cyst Diagnosed?

Diagnosis is typically made by an ENT specialist during a laryngoscopy, which involves examining the vocal cords using a camera. This procedure helps assess the cyst’s size, location, and characteristics.

When Is Surgery Necessary?

Not all vocal cord cysts require surgery. Smaller cysts that do not cause significant issues can often be managed with voice therapy or lifestyle changes. Surgery becomes necessary in cases where:

Voice quality is severely compromised, affecting daily life
The cyst continues to grow, putting pressure on the vocal cords
Voice therapy or other treatments fail to resolve the problem

How Is Vocal Cord Cyst Surgery Performed?

Vocal cord cyst surgery is typically performed using minimally invasive methods or laser technology, aiming to remove the cyst without damaging the vocal cords.

Preoperative Preparation

Detailed examination of the vocal cords: Endoscopy or laryngoscopy is used to evaluate the cyst’s size and location.
Voice therapy: Pre-surgery therapy may be recommended to teach proper voice use.
Health screening: General health assessments and blood tests are conducted before surgery.

Surgical Process

Anesthesia: Surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia.
Endoscopic method: A laryngoscope is used to access the vocal cords, and the cyst is carefully removed.
Laser surgery: In some cases, laser technology is used for cyst removal, minimizing tissue damage.

Postoperative Recovery

Following surgery, adhering to your doctor’s recommendations is crucial:

Vocal rest: Avoid speaking for the first few days to allow the vocal cords to heal.
Voice therapy: Therapy is initiated to retrain the voice for proper use.
Dietary adjustments: Avoid irritating foods and drinks, such as spicy foods and acidic beverages.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, vocal cord cyst surgery carries some risks, though these are minimal when performed by an experienced surgeon:

Changes in voice quality: Temporary changes in tone or quality may occur.
Infection: The risk of infection is low but precautions are taken to prevent it.
Recurrence of the cyst: There is a possibility of the cyst returning, making regular follow-up and voice therapy important.

Is Non-Surgical Treatment Possible?

In cases where surgery is not required, the following methods may be considered:

Voice therapy: Small cysts may shrink or disappear completely with proper voice therapy.

Tips for Maintaining Vocal Health

Hydration: Drink plenty of water to keep your vocal cords hydrated.
Avoid smoking and alcohol: Steer clear of habits that damage the vocal cords.
Do not strain your voice: Avoid shouting or overusing your voice unnecessarily.
Seek voice therapy: Especially for professional voice users, this is key to maintaining vocal health.

Conclusion

With appropriate treatment options, vocal cord cysts can be effectively managed, and surgery, when necessary, typically yields positive results. Early diagnosis, regular follow-ups, and adopting proper voice usage habits are essential for maintaining a healthy voice. Achieving a clear and strong voice is within your reach!