Meniere’s Disease
Meniere’s disease is a condition that occurs due to fluid imbalance and increased pressure in the inner ear. The disease is recognized by four main symptoms: recurrent vertigo attacks, hearing loss, tinnitus (ear ringing), and a sensation of fullness in the ear. The vertigo attacks last from a few minutes to several hours and are often accompanied by nausea or vomiting. Hearing loss typically starts unilaterally and can worsen over time to become bilateral. Tinnitus can be either continuous or intermittent, and the sensation of fullness in the ear is also a common symptom.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is usually made based on the patient’s symptoms and medical history. However, accurate diagnosis can take time. To support the diagnosis, the following tests may be conducted:
- Hearing tests
- Intratympanic pressure measurements
- Imaging studies (e.g., MRI or CT scan)
These tests may provide more accurate results when conducted during an attack, especially when symptoms are intense.
Treatment
There is no definitive cure for Meniere’s disease, but various methods can be applied to alleviate symptoms and control attacks:
- Dietary adjustments: A low-salt diet may be recommended.
- Medication: Medications to control vertigo, nausea, or fluid imbalance may be used.
- Balance exercises: These may help balance the inner ear.
- Surgical intervention: In severe and uncontrolled cases, surgery may be considered very rarely.
Improving Quality of Life
As Meniere’s disease can be a chronic condition, measures should be taken to enhance quality of life:
- Regular doctor check-ups
- Adopting a healthy lifestyle
- Stress management techniques (e.g., meditation or yoga)
Conclusion
Meniere’s disease can last a lifetime and its symptoms may follow a fluctuating course. However, with the correct diagnosis, effective treatment, and lifestyle adjustments, symptoms can be controlled, allowing patients to live more comfortably.
