Surgical treatment of masses and cancers in the head and neck region involves various surgical procedures aimed at addressing benign (non-cancerous) tumors and cancers. Common surgical options include excision of the mass, neck dissection for the removal of affected lymph nodes, laryngectomy for laryngeal and vocal cord cancers, mandibulectomy or maxillectomy for jawbone-related interventions, glossectomy for tongue cancers, and thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules/cancers. These procedures are typically performed under general anesthesia, and recovery times vary depending on the complexity of the surgery and individual factors. Post-operative care includes detailed instructions on wound care, pain management, dietary modifications, and rehabilitation needs such as speech or swallowing therapy. Risks associated with these surgeries include bleeding, infection, nerve damage, and changes in speech or physical appearance. Before surgery, patients undergo comprehensive evaluations, including imaging studies like CT scans, MRIs, or PET scans, and biopsies to determine the nature and extent of the disease.